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For clients

01

INCOTERMS® 2020

What are the Incoterms® rules and why are they important?

Incoterms ® (International Commercial Terms) are official international list of rules and terms that regulate legal-economic relationships between buyers and sellers in international economy, regarding risk management and product delivery expenses.

They explain a series of eleven most frequently used economy concepts made of three letters (CIF, FOB etc.) as a reflection of practice in goods' sale contracts.

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Incoterms® rules are not a substitute for a sales contract. They describe the obligations of who does what between the seller and the buyer, such as who organizes the transport or who obtains the shipping documents, export or import permits, etc. They also describe where and when the seller “delivers” the goods, ie where the risk passes from the seller to the buyer and to end which party is responsible for which Costs.

As of January 1, 2020, the new Incoterms® 2020 rules came into force, replacing the previous Incoterms® 2010. The International Chamber of Commerce has introduced changes to the previous Inconterms® 2010 contract through an audit. With the news, the ICC has adapted to new modern trade practices.

The changes in Incoterms 2020 compared to the 2010 edition of Incoterms are:

  • FCA (Free Carrier) now allows a bill of landing with an on-board notation.
  • Delivered at Terminal (DAT) has been changed to Delivered at Place Unloaded (DPU).
  • Cost allocation between buyers and sellers is stated with precision. The goal was to provide users with a single list that lists all the costs for which both, the seller and the buyer, are responsible.
  • CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight), and CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To which are reserved for use in maritime trade and are often used in commodity trading, the Institute Cargo Clauses remains the default level of coverage, giving parties the option to agree to a higher level of insurance cover. Taking into account feedback from global users, the CIP Incoterms® rule now requires a higher level of cover, compliant with the Institute Cargo Clauses or similar clauses.
  • FCA (Free Carrier), DAP (Delivered On-site), DPU (Delivered at Place Unloaded), and DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) now consider the organization of transportation by buyers and sellers instead of hiring a third party.
  • Safety commitments have now been given a prominent place with the Incoterms®2010 edition.
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You can read more about the Incoterms® 2020 rules on the official website of the International Chambers of Commerce (ICC).

Cargo insurance

Why insure your shipments?

The security of your shipment to us at P2P Group is one of the most important goals, and for this reason, we treat each of your shipments with the utmost care.

Regardless of all levels of safety during the handling and transport process, there is always a certain risk of damage.

Given that the carrier’s liability is limited, and that the conventions, international and national law that define the contracts of carriage exclude or limit the number of claims, the contracted additional insurance is something that gives you a higher level of security.

We offer our clients competitive premium rates tailored to their individual needs.

If you need additional advice on how to make your shipments safer on your way from point to point, contact us at P2P Group.

CARRIER RESPONSIBILITY LIMITATION
 ROAD  TRANSPORTAIR TRANSPORTMARITIME TRANSPORTRAILWAY TRANSPORT
8,33 SDR / kg19 SDR / kg2 SDR / kg or 666,67 SDR / pkgs17 SDR / kg

Container specifications

Find the right type of container that will fit your individual needs

This type of container is for general cargo. General cargo should not be too long, too wide, too high, over-weight, or in bulk. Containers are constructed of steel for sturdiness and ease of repair.

The dimensions mentioned below are informative and may vary from the shipper.
For accurate information please contact your nearest
P2P Group office.

DRY CONTAINER – 20 FEET

 Specifications for 8’6″ / 30,480kg
Inside MeasurementLength (mm)
Width (mm) 
Height (mm)		5,898
2,350
2,390
Door OpeningWidth (mm) 
Height (mm)		2,340
2,280
Load Capacity(m³)33.1
Container Weight(kg)2,200
Max. Load Weight(kg)28,280

 

DRY CONTAINER – 40 FEET

 Specifications for 8’6″ / 30,480kg
Inside MeasurementLength (mm)
Width (mm) 
Height (mm)		12,032
2,350
2,390
Door OpeningWidth (mm) 
Height (mm)		2,340
2,280
Load Capacity(m³)67.6
Container Weight(kg)3,740
Max. Load Weight(kg)26,740

 

DRY CONTAINER – 40 FEET HIGH CUBE

 Specifications for 9’6” / 30,480kg / 32,500kg
Inside MeasurementLength (mm)
Width (mm) 
Height (mm)		12,032
2,350
2,695
Door OpeningWidth (mm) 
Height (mm)		2,340
2,585
Load Capacity(m³)76.2
Container Weight(kg)3,830
Max. Load Weight(kg)26,650 / 28,670

 

DRY CONTAINER – 45 FEET

 Specifications for 9’6” / 30,480kg / 32,500kg
Inside MeasurementLength (mm)
Width (mm) 
Height (mm)		13,556
2,352
2,697
Door OpeningWidth (mm) 
Height (mm)		2,340
2,585
Load Capacity(m³)86.0
Container Weight(kg)4,780
Max. Load Weight(kg)25,700 / 27,720

Transportation of meat, fish, eggs, vegetables, and fruits, as well as films, plants, and pharmaceuticals has become easier due to this type of precise control that ensures preserving their quality.This type of container is capable of maintaining the temperature of frozen, chilled or warm cargo.  

A refrigeration unit is built onto the nose of the container and power is provided by a motor generator (when container is on wheels), by terminal (when grounded in a yard) or by the ship (when laden on board). In the nose of each refrigeration units are adjustable ventilation holes. At specific settings, these vents allow fresh air exchanges to avoid a build up of carbon dioxide inside the container. All fresh fruits and vegetables are living products and as a result give off heat and carbon dioxide. Vents allow this warm toxic air to be expelled from the container in order to avoid spoilage.

The dimensions mentioned below are informative and may vary from the shipper.

For accurate information please contact your nearest P2P Group office.

REEFER CONTAINER – 20 FEET

 Karakteristike za 8’6″ / 30,480kg
Inside MeasurementLength (mm)
Width (mm) 
Height (mm)		5,456
2,288
2,263
Outside MeasurementLength (mm)
Width (mm) 
Height (mm)		6,058
2,438
2,591
Door OpeningWidth (mm) 
Height (mm)		2,290
2,221
Load Capacity(m³)28.2
Container Weight(kg)2,910
Max. Load Weight(kg)27,570

REEFER CONTAINER – 40 STOPA HIGH CUBE

 Specifications for 9’6″ / 34,000kg
Inside MeasurementLength (mm)
Width (mm) 
Height (mm)		11,590
2,284
2,544
Outside MeasurementLength (mm)
Width (mm) 
Height (mm)		12,192
2,438
2,896
Door OpeningWidth (mm)
Height (mm)		2,290
2,502
Load Capacity(m³)67.5
Container Weight(kg)4,520
Max. Load Weight(kg)29,480

Flat racks are best suited for storage of heavy lift, over-height, and/or over-width cargo. Flat racks have collapsible end frames. Lashing rings on the bottom side rails, corner posts, and floor are available to enable cargo to be secured using straps or chains.

The dimensions mentioned below are informative and may vary from the shipper.

For accurate information please contact your nearest P2P Group office.

FLAT RACK CONTAINER – 20 FEET

 Specifications for 8’6″ / 34,000kg
Inside MeasurementLength (mm)
Width (mm) 
Height (mm)		5,652
2,438
2,213
Outside MeasurementLength (mm)
Width (mm) 
Height (mm)		6,058
2,438
2,591
Load Capacity(m³)28.4
Container Weight(kg)3,050
Max. Load Weight(kg)30,950

FLAT RACK CONTAINER – 40 FEET

 Specifications for 8’6″ / 45,000kg
Inside MeasurementLength (mm)
Width (mm) 
Height (mm)		12,082
2,438
1,955
Outside MeasurementLength (mm)
Width (mm) 
Height (mm)		12,192
2,438
2,591
Load Capacity(m³)53.2
Container Weight(kg)6,200
Max. Load Weight(kg)38,800

Open tops do not have a solid roof; instead they are covered with a removable, waterproof tarpaulin that can be secured with ropes. The metal beam above the door can be opened to the right or left and can also be dismantled from the container. Lashing rings at the inside base of the container are used to secure and prevent shifting of cargo during movement. This type of container is suitable for over-height and/or lengthy cargo.

The dimensions mentioned below are informative and may vary from the shipper.

For accurate information please contact your nearest P2P Group office.

OPEN TOP CONTAINER – 20 FEET

 Specifications for 8’6″ / 30,480kg
Inside MeasurementLength (mm)
Width (mm) 
Height (mm)		5,898
2,350
2,348
Door OpeningWidth (mm) 
Height (mm)		2,340
2,280
Roof OpeningLength (mm)
Width (mm)		5,680
2,252
Swing header openingWidth(mm)1,940
Load Capacity(m³)32.5
Container Weight(kg)2,380
Max. Load Weight(kg)28,100

OPEN TOP CONTAINER – 40 FEET

 Specifications for 8’6″ / 30,480kg
Inside MeasurementLength (mm)
Width (mm) 
Height (mm)		12,022
2,350
2,348
Door OpeningWidth (mm) 
Height (mm)		2,340
2,280
Roof OpeningLength (mm)
Width (mm)		11,798
2,230
Swing header openingWidth(mm)1,940
Load Capacity(m³)66.3
Container Weight(kg)3,880
Max. Load Weight(kg)26,600
ORGANIZATIONS AND CONVENTIONS

SOLAS / IMO /VGM

SOLAS – International convention on human Safety of Life at Sea.

IMO – International Maritime Organization; Developing SOLAS since 1948.

VGM – Verifies Gross Mass is the weight of the cargo including dunnage and bracing plus the tare weight of the container carrying this cargo.

Accidents resulting from the overweight of containers have prompted the International Maritime Organization to adopt rules to prevent the net declaration of weight. They also accepted certain rules as part of the SOLAS conventions, all to protect people and property on board and terminal workers as well as the cargo itself.

According to the SOLAS convention, the shipper listed on the bill of lading is obliged to report to the shipper the exact information for VGM (verified gross weight of the container).

Information shall be provided to the shipper before the arrival of the container at the port of embarkation.

All IMO member states, UN Agency must adhere to VGM rules.

Shippers and terminals must not load containers without a VGM certificate.

Weighing can be done by the shipper or by hiring a third party.

Weighing can also be performed at the boarding terminal if there is the necessary infrastructure.

Crane and cargo. Element of building design.
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Frequently asked questions

Take a look at some of our frequently asked questions - if you don't find what you're looking for in here, contact us via contact form. Our staff is always at your service!

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What do marks W/M and RT in LCL transport mean?

W/M – weight/measurement, RT= Revenue ton. RT = MT or 1 cbm. RT = W/M

How is the LCL shipment price calculated?

Cost/price calculation for an LCL shipment done with a 1:1 ratio, i.e. W:M (1 cbm = 1000kg), taking into consideration the bigger measuring unit.



CIF vs FOB in LCL transport?

Every LCL importer should be familiar with International Commercial Terms (Incoterms) to avoid a classic rookie mistake of ordering a shipment on the CIF parity and, in that way, pay destination costs one was not previously familiar with. To make LCL more comfortable for you and to reap all of its benefits, pick parities from the F group.

Does the CIF/CIP parity automatically include full transport cargo insurance?

Full/ALL RISK cargo insurance must be arranged separately. The choice of parity itself does not automatically include full cargo insurance.

How can I learn the tare weight, i.e. weight of the container if it is not stated but is required for the VGM declaration?

If the required information is not stated in the documentation, it can be found on shipper’s website.

What is the deadline to provide the VGM verification?

The information is provided to the shipper before the arrival of the container to the port terminal.

What are the methods used to calculate VGM (Verified Gross Mass)?

There are two permissible verification methods:
  • Method 1: after fully packing the container, the shipper may weigh the entire packed container or hire a third person to do so.

  • Method 2: shipper or an authorized third person may calculate the VGM by weighing all the cargo and contents of the container and adding those weights to the container’s tare weight.

What is the deadline to provide the VGM verification?

The information is provided to the shipper before the arrival of the container to the port terminal.

What is the difference between a Euro and an industrial pallet?

The difference is in the dimensions of the pallet. The industrial pallet is 120 x 100 x 25 cm, while the Euro pallet 120 x 80 x 25 cm.

What is the telex release?

Once a Bill of Lading (B/L) is issued, there are only 2 ways the cargo will be released:
  • By an endorsed OBL
  • With a telex release.
A telex release is essentially an electronic message transmitted from an agent or shipping line at the port of loading (POL) to the agent at the port of discharge (POD). This message implies that the shipper has surrendered the original Bill of Lading (OBL).

What is ADR?

According to the European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR), as long as the cargo, vehicle, and driver are following the rules and regulations, they are allowed to cross the borders which facilitates quicker fluctuation of transport.

What is the difference between stackable and non-stackable shipments?

Stackable cargo allows for a less expensive, more efficient transport. This possibility depends on the type of cargo items. Not all cargo is stackable due to its fragility/sensitivity, while the other restraints include the weight of the shipment etc. items. 

What is MSDS or STL?

MSDS stands for Material Safety Data Sheet. It provides elaborate data about the properties of the cargo and handling instructions. MSDS provides full insight into the possible chemical hazard, as well as precaution measures.